The EQUFIRE project studied the response of structural and non-structural components to fire following earthquake scenarios, with a view to improving existing design guidelines and future standards. The project was part of the Transnational Access activities of the SERA project at the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre. Earthquakes are destructive and unpredictable events of nature with catastrophic consequences for both people and buildings. After an earthquake, the rupture of gas piping and failure of electrical systems may trigger fire. The structural fire performance of a building can deteriorate when the fire acts on a previously damaged structure. In addition, the earthquake may have damaged fire protection elements, for example, the fire can spread more rapidly if compartmentation walls have failed. This is particularly relevant for steel structures as the high thermal conductivity with small thickness leads to a quick temperature rise with consequent fast loss of strength and stiffness. Moreover, spalling in concrete elements owing to the seismic action can also dangerously expose the rebars directly to the fire. Therefore, an enhanced fire performance can be required in seismic-prone regions and no guidelines are currently given in the European standards. The EQUFIRE project (Multi-hazard performance assessment of structural and non-structural components subjected to seismic and fire following earthquake by means of geographically distributed testing) studied a four-storey three-bay steel frame with concentric bracings in the central bay. The experimental activities at the ELSA Reaction Wall comprised pseudo-dynamic tests on a full-scale specimen of the first storey of the building, while the upper three storeys were numerically simulated. The aim was to study the response of the structure and fire protection elements, including their interaction, under the design earthquake and for different configurations: bare frame without fire protection, specimen with three fire protection solutions (conventional and seismic-resistant boards, and vermiculite sprayed coating) applied on the bracing and one column, and with conventional and seismic-resistant fire barrier walls built in the two external bays of the specimen.